Garlic a four-legged mite is a pest of garlic which infects the plant during the growing season and during storage can cause devastating damage and makes teeth of garlic is not suitable for any use.
Name
Garlic a four-legged mite or a synonym Aceria Tulip
Latin — mite aceria tulipae Keif or Eriophyes tulipae Keifer.
English — Garlic mite, mite or Onion Dry bulb mite.
Spanish — Eriófido de los bulbos.
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Description of garlic four-legged mites
Garlic a four-legged mites has a very small size (even compared to other mites) to notice it with the naked eye is almost impossible.
Body strongly elongated shape, composed of numerous transverse rings. The front part of the trunk has two pairs of legs, and at the end of the abdomen a pair of long setae. For this feature of these pliers and was named the four-legged.
Female. Length — 0.25 mm, width 0.15 mm.
Male. Length — 0.21 mm, width 0.10 mm.
The eggs are very small (about 0.04 mm), rounded or slightly oval, translucent.
Larvae also have two pairs of legs, the body is short and wide
The color of both males and females similar: whitish, translucent.
How does a garlic four-legged mite spread
The main route of spread of mites is their transfer planting material from one area to another. Ticks very well survive in the teeth for a long time in stores and outside. It represents the main source of infection of the new crop of garlic.
Garlic a four-legged mite is very actively settles in the summer. Females crawl out on the leaves of damaged plants where they can be spread by the wind. And this, by the way, the second way of spreading mites.
Also, these pests garlic can be used as a kind of “vehicles” of various insects.
How the tick affects garlic
Mites lay eggs on the leaves and scales of the bulbs. After two or three days (at +20°C) the eggs emerge the larvae. During the growing season to develop multiple generations of mites.
However, particularly dangerous garlic mite in storage, here it can almost completely eliminate garlic. Damage garlic bulbs garlic tick starts from the bottom of the bulb from the shortened stem-bottom. Destroying it, tick crumbles teeth, bottom decays and disappears, the bulb rots completely.
Overwinters as adult mites and their larvae in storage, greenhouses, composts, nutrient balances, in the bulbs of garlic and onions.
Mite garlic, but garlic and onions can affect various cereals.
Garlic a four-legged mite may develop in the soil, in plant and animal residues which decompose, fungi and products in warehouses which are stored at a temperature 3-31 °C and humidity of 86%. This pest is spread with soil and food products damaged during storage.
In recent years was proven that garlic four-legged mite is a very dangerous distribution of viral infection which causes severe damage to garlic.
Symptoms of affected of garlic a four-legged mite
Plants that grow from the affected lobules have a curved, sometimes ruffled leaves, grow and develop poorly.
At the time of settlement of the female plant is covered with whitish coating (body mites).
Affected teeth have a characteristic yellow spot under the scales.
Bulbs affected by garlic four-legged mites, with time dehydrated and shrivel. Often the damaged tissues start to develop rot and mold which later spreads to the entire bulb of garlic.
Four-legged mites are oppressed not only plants but also are active vectors of their fungal, bacterial and viral infections.
Control measures
Agronomic
To reduce mites in the soil must be timely and efficiently perform the peeling of the field after removing predecessor, plowing and milling.
- There is a need to monitor the acidity of the soil – its increase contributes to the development of mites.
- The crop rotation.
- Improvement of planting material through the bulbs
Preparation of the plant material
- To limit the development of populations of mites on planting material must be stored at a temperature of +1 to +2°C and air humidity not more than 65%.
- For disinfection before planting is recommended to warm up the teeth with the temperature of 35-37°C for 5-7 days, or 40-45 °C for 15-16 hours.
Chemical
You should pay attention to what a tick is not an insect. So most insecticides are not him do not apply. You need to use acaricides or insectoacaricides.
The periods of use of chemical agents
- treatment of planting material
- processing of plants growing upon detection of mites.
Drugs that have acaricidal effect
- Bi-58 New, produced by BASF, Germany, (400 g/l Dimethoate), application of 0.5 — 1.0 l/ha
- Vertimek, the production of Syngenta, Switzerland (18 g/l Abamectin), the use of 0.7-1.0 l/ha
There are still recommendations for the use preparations based on natural avermectins (aversectin, 2%) which is formed during the life of the fungus Streptomyces avermitilis, and has a high insecticidal and acaricidal activity
The author of the first photo – Erbe Pooley USDA ARS EMU. There is rust Mite (mite aceria anthocoptes) from the same group as garlic a four-legged mite
Pictures of ticks from sites: – researchgate.net dimetris.com.ua
Posted by: Andrey Marchenko
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